Oil-free bearing is a novel lubricating bearing that combines the characteristics of metal bearing and oil-free lubrication bearing. The metal matrix bears the load, and the specially formulated solid lubricating material plays the role of lubrication. It has the characteristics of high bearing capacity, impact resistance, high temperature resistance, and strong self-lubricating ability. It is especially suitable for heavy load, low speed, reciprocating or swinging and other occasions that are difficult to lubricate and form an oil film. It is not afraid of water wash and other acid erosion And scour.
Below, I will introduce the main classification of oil-free bearings:
Oil-free bearings mainly include gas lubricated bearings, composite lubricated bearings, water-lubricated bearings, etc.
1. Gas lubricated bearings:
Gas-lubricated bearings are sliding bearings that use gas as a lubricant. The most commonly used gas lubricant is air, and nitrogen, argon, hydrogen, helium, etc. can also be used as needed. The mechanism of the gas-lubricated bearing to form a bearing film is the same as that of the liquid-lubricated bearing. Gas-lubricated bearings make use of gas transmission, diffusivity, viscosity and thermal conductivity, adsorption and compressibility. Make it between the friction pairs, under the action of fluid dynamic pressure effect, static pressure effect and squeeze effect, form a complete air film, which has the function of supporting load and reducing friction.
Gas-lubricated bearings are generally divided into three types: gas dynamic pressure bearings, gas static pressure bearings and gas extrusion bearings. The actual lubrication state of the bearing often exists in the form of dynamic and static pressure, dynamic, extrusion, static, extrusion and mixed lubrication of dynamic, static and extrusion. The mechanism of the gas-lubricated bearing to form a bearing gas film is the same as that of the liquid-lubricated bearing.
2. Composite lubricated bearings
Due to the requirements of special production processes, some key equipment of industrial and mining enterprises operates under extremely harsh working conditions. Due to the heavy equipment, high ambient temperature, large dust or acidic corrosive gas in the air, etc. There are many problems to the lubrication of the equipment, and the friction and wear are serious. At present, most of the traditional oil and grease lubrication are still used. In fact, these industrial and mining conditions have exceeded the scope of oil and grease lubrication. It is extremely prone to bite or seizure of bearings and other friction pairs. Causes severe wear and damage of parts, often resulting in equipment shutdown.
The composite material used in the composite lubrication bearing is a new type of extreme pressure resistant solid lubricating material, which is composed of a metal substrate and a solid lubricant paste embedded in the hole or groove of the substrate. The metal substrate bears most of the load during the friction process. After friction, the solid lubricant in the hole or groove is transferred or reversely transferred to the friction surface, and a solid transfer film with good lubrication, firm adhesion and uniform coverage is formed on the friction surface, which greatly reduces friction and wear. As the friction progresses, the embedded solid lubricant is continuously provided on the friction surface, ensuring good lubrication of the friction pair during long-term operation.
3. Water lubricated bearings
Since the emergence of the oil resource crisis in the 1970s and people's attention to environmental protection in recent years, hydraulic transmission technology has faced severe challenges, and water-lubricated bearings have gradually been promoted and applied. Water-lubricated bearings use water as lubrication and working medium, which not only saves a lot of oil, but also avoids environmental pollution to traditional bearings that use oil as lubricating medium. At the same time, water has the advantages of non-polluting, wide-ranging sources, safety and flame retardancy, etc., making it an ideal lubricating medium. It can also reduce the friction, wear, vibration, noise, non-functional consumption and other key problems of the friction pair. Therefore, the research of water-lubricated bearings has important theoretical research and application value for improving mechanical efficiency and protecting the environment, and has become a hot spot in various countries.
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