With
the development of rural economy, a number of agricultural machinery
parts processing, distribution of agricultural machinery parts bushing
add a lot of fake and shoddy parts filled farm machinery repair shop, so
that significantly increased the rate of agricultural machinery repair,
a serious impact on farm machinery operating power and income hand,
there Or even constitute a traffic accident and personal injury. We start from the immediate interests of the majority of organic
households, collect and sort out a brief set of methods to identify
genuine and fake agricultural machinery parts, for farmers to buy
accessories in the hand reference.
First, more common features fake and shoddy accessories
Fake: the identification of fake goods, "three no" majority of goods. Serious FB090 bronze roll bushing tolerance and damage: parts scale,
shape or orientation over tolerance, or scratches, cracking, incomplete
damage and severe rust.
Take: fake use of standard manufacturers registered trademarks, certificates and packaging. Such
products are usually well-made, but in the selection, plus bushing
sliding bearing technology there jerry-building appearance. If not according to the skills of the request for cutting, heat treatment, and did not follow the correct method of convergence.
Pseudo:
fake trademarks, certificates and packaging, with cheap, easy to
process data instead of the original planning request, shoddy, fake
truth, the most common and useful gray cast iron instead of excellent
cast iron, cast steel, excellent steel As well as powder metallurgy information.
Defective:
defective accessories refers to the shortcomings of the information on
the accessories, these shortcomings usually affect the strength of the
accessories and other parts of the cooperation. Such as castings have severe pores, shrinkage and cracks.
Second, how to buy qualified agricultural machinery parts
1,
select the provincial, municipal and county departments in charge of
agricultural machinery sentinel, holds a business license and
"mechanical repair Hebei (parts supply) skills certificate." Good promises, workers certified posts, there must be the scale of the farm machinery parts supply unit.
2, the procurement of standard products manufactured by manufacturers logo complete product.
3, the purchase of authentic original parts and complete machine factory production of spare parts.
4,
According to the product specification and parts catalogs and other
technical documents, abstract the title, type, trademark, single number,
skills request (such as data, standards, civil service, mechanical
strength and connection mode, etc.) See, the best to prepare some simple things to check (such as vernier calipers, small files, etc.).
Third, identify the basic knowledge of genuine parts
1, the authenticity of the ingredients of the distinction
In the defective parts, shoddy types of information accounted for about 35%. The
most common alternative materials are generally gray iron (hereinafter
referred to as gray iron) and the general low carbon steel (hereinafter
referred to as low carbon steel) and so on. And
often replaced by the excellent cast iron (ductile iron, hereinafter
referred to as ductile iron), cast steel, excellent steel, alloy steel
and powder metallurgy information. There are also cases of copper and aluminum being replaced. Accessories authenticity can refer to the following methods to identify.
1)
look at the cutting surface: gray iron: gray, very dark luster, the
surface appears to be more rough; ductile iron: gray, luster lighter
than gray iron, surface roughness like gray iron; steel: Casting
slightly dark), arranged in detail, grinding or reaming the surface
bright as a mirror, hand touch feel smooth lubrication, chrome steel
grinding surface see more subtle bright spots. Iron-based powder metallurgy; was silver gray, arranged in fine, the luster of steel, iron between. In addition, hand-wiping lubrication of the cutting surface, gray iron can make hand-dyed dark gray, and not easy to wipe off. Ductile iron can also make the hand black, but lighter than gray iron, while the steel does not dye hands (dust out).
2) file cutting experiment
After determining the procurement and supplier agreed to undertake the quality of responsibility after. Selection of non-cooperative surface file with the general file filing parts. Because the raw materials are not the same, all kinds of metal materials are not the same response when filing. Gray
iron: file cutting resistance is small, the filing of the time to
declare "唰 唰" sound, the basic surface of the file does not sticky
crumbs, crumbs were gray-black, a few snow white bright spots, look at
the particle size varies, small particles Mainly
with finger grinding, it is simple to make your fingers black; ductile
iron: the file resistance is slightly larger than gray iron when
cutting, there are more pronounced "唰 唰" sound, very few sticky filing,
crumbs were gray-black, There
are close-knit bright spots, the crumb particles vary in particle size,
but mainly in large particles, finger crushing debris can make your
fingers black, but lighter than gray iron black; white iron: filing
announced bright "Giggle"
sound, crumbs at the end, was filing saw the light, saw no filing, the
surface can be scratched file; Steel: Most steel parts after cold or
heat treatment, the surface harder, also announced on the file Call
"sound, but when filing cut white iron sounds much lighter, was filing
light, filing, the file after a few sticky powder sticky, was bright
gray, particles are more uniform, hand grind does not intervene. Low
carbon steel when filing is very small, and a sense of softness, the
next crumbs were filing left more significant files; Copper: filing, the
most significant feature is easy to slip file, debris end Easy to stick file, the file was bright copper yellow or copper red. Aluminum:
filing is very simple, more and more under the chip, filing gray or
snow white, heavy filth and not easy to brush out; iron-based powder
metallurgy: file cutting resistance smaller, feel with low carbon steel,
sound like gray Iron, non-stick file, dregs particles similar to the ductile iron, the
color is black and intervene, it is slightly lighter than the ductile
iron.
3) Test Density: Weigh out the sample and the quality of the specimen
with the weighing instrument. If the two are the same, it can be
regarded as the request of the data type.
4)
Listen to the percussion sound: Suspend the accessory to be struck by
the hammer or other metal objects, do not over-hit the percussion force,
close the ear with the ear, or listen carefully to the specimen. The
sound they announced is not the same. Gray iron: sound depression, duration is extremely short. Ductile iron: sound loud, more than sound, shorter duration. Steel; sound clear, I sound like a thin bell, longer duration.
2, the surface defects to determine the quality of accessories. Forging production, because of the original data characteristics,
operating skills and production conditions, will inevitably show some
shortcomings forging, we should be based on the shortcomings of the
nature, location and severity to determine the quality of parts.
1) hole class Disadvantages: This is the most common shortcomings found in the relatively simple comparison of cast iron parts. Such as: stomatal, pinholes, shrinkage and shrinkage and so on. See the following criteria to determine if the accessory is available.
① cooperate with the rolling journal of the surface, such as bushings,
sliding bearings and other internal walls, does not allow the existence
of hole defects.
②
interference cooperation surface, such as equipment rolling sunthai
bearing bore hole wall and pulley, gear shaft hole wall, etc., promised
to exist there is no greater than the diameter of the surface of the
minimum width of 1/20, the depth is not greater than the diameter
(diameter) 1/4,
the number of not more than three holes, but the spacing of the hole
and the margin of the investigated surface shall not be less than 5
times the hole diameter (whichever is greater). Shrinkage to spread the scale of the empty diameter.
③
sealing surface, such as the shell, the end cover and its cooperation
partner cooperation, etc., promised to exist with a diameter of not less
than the minimum contact width of 1/20, the depth of not more than 1/3
of the diameter, the margin of not less than the diameter 5 times, not less than 8 times the diameter of non-penetrating holes 5.
④
support surface, sunthai from the lower plane of the housing, as the
basis of the shell joints without sealing the contact surface of the
operating equipment, etc., promised to exist there is no greater than
the minimum diameter of 1/10, the depth does not exceed the wall
thickness of 1 / 10, spacing and margin of not less than the minimum width of 1/3 and the number does not exceed 5 holes.
Other surfaces can only think about the strength, stiffness requirements and the appearance of the demand decision choice.
2) the scale, shape and orientation class shortcomings, such
shortcomings are more common standard deviation, casting the wrong type
and casting the wrong core.
① standard deviation, such as length, thickness or pitch tolerance,
etc., when the difference between the standard and the request should
abandon the purchase.
② Casting the wrong type (also called the wrong box). Now you can see that one part of the casting is offset from the other at the parting surface. Wrong
shapes often result in reduced wall thickness and compromised strength,
which may also affect the working relationship with other parts or
affect the appearance. If the staggered scale is not greater than the wrong part of the thinnest at 1/30, can choose to think.
③ Casting the wrong core (eccentric). A
greater degree of wrong core can be seen thicker side of the hole wall
casting, thinner on the other side, not only affect the strength of the
parts, but also usually bring trouble to the equipment. Thus, where the naked eye is the best core castings do not buy.
(3)
Adulteration defects and damage, Adulterated misconception refers to
the casting body sandwiched with other metal, iron tablets, mineral
debris or sand and other foreign matter. If
the processing surface with adulterated parts, the processing surface
will constitute a hole filled with foreign matter, a direct impact on
the part surface cooperation, so cooperation on the surface of the
adulteration of foreign bodies do not advocate the use of accessories. In addition, parts of the cooperation of the surface can not be deformed and damaged, no crack anywhere.
3, carefully check the legal identity of goods and manufacturers security symbols
1) The main statutory marks are: ① quality inspection certificate of
goods; ② have the Chinese name of the goods, the production plant name
and address; ③ standard types of goods, grades and registered
trademarks.
2)
Look at the symbol: Each manufacturer in the production process, the
information used and the processing technology is not the same, have
their own special symbols. Such as: Wuxi Weifu pump nozzle factory security symbol is two pump bench, and the security symbol is a one-time. Luoyang tractor factory, Qinghai pump factory produced plugs are
black, Lanzhou pump factory produced plugs, oil valves have an arc of
the fine knife.
4, experience discrimination and view
Measurements taken with the carry-on caliper scale, and their own information card comparison, the authenticity of distinction. Here are some common methods to distinguish between parts.
1) more common distinction between agricultural vehicle accessories
Rims: Regardless of the type of rims, there should be symbols such as
certificate, mark, type, standard, and factory name next to the rims.
They should be clear, eye-catching, smooth, shiny and crack-free.
Rolling
sunthai bearing: usually genuine sunthai bearing appearance of light,
coated with anti-rust oil; ball sunthai adhering to the rivet frame
riveting even rivet head is not partial; sunthai bearing inner ring with
your fingers, the outer ring to make a mark, Rolling sunthai bearings, each stop sign is not the same as genuine.
Gear
and oil seal: Genuine gear tooth surface lubrication, coated with
anti-rust oil, next to the surface with a steel seal number; genuine oil
seal surface lubrication; lip no flash, zipper tight spring does not
fall; O-ring, , No flash lubrication, good elasticity.
2) the distinction between the three couples
Plunger
Coupling: Investigating whether the plunger is movable in the plunger
sleeve is flexible and the surface is not marked with signs of wear.
Then, a sliding test is performed. Hold the cleaned plunger sleeve with
your fingers, skew 45 degrees, and gently pull out the plunger About
1/3, then release, the plunger should fall freely in its own component
under the support surface of the plunger sleeve, then the plunger out,
roll any point of view, the same method of experiment, the results
should be the same. Sealing
test: one hand fingers plug the plunger sleeve inlet, return port and
guide hole, the other hand out of the plunger, and put it in the middle
or the maximum fuel position, the plunger from the most Under the position to pull out, pull the interval to the plunger along
the piston oil hole is not limited, now feel significant suction,
release the plunger, the plunger can quickly return to the original
position.
Outlet valve: First look at decompression ring, seal cone with or without wear, and then for sliding and sealing experiments. Sliding
experiment: Hold the oil valve seat clean in diesel oil and pull out
1/3 of the valve body in vertical orientation, then release the valve
body to be able to fall freely on the seat support surface under its own
weight, Rotate the valve body any point of view, repeat the above approach, the same results as genuine. Sealing
test: seal the cone, with the thumb and middle finger to hold the valve
seat, the index finger press and hold the hole in the valve body under
the plane, the valve body into the valve seat, when the decompression
ring With the seat into the valve, quietly press the body, if you feel the
air compression force, release the hand, the body should be able to pop
up.
Nozzle:
look at the surface if there is a trace of carbon deposition or needle
valve becomes black, then the instructions have been used, see the
nozzle experiment, under the regular pressure injector nozzle start and
end should be significant, do not agree to have Oil drip appearance, fuel injection should be accompanied by a loud
sound, the jet of oil should be evenly sprayed, should not have
significant droplets and uneven appearance.
Fourth, grasp the legal weapons to protect their own legitimate rights and interests
1,
to grasp the policies and regulations: the state promulgated the
regulatory documents are: << People's Republic of China Commodity
Quality Law >>, << People's Republic of China Consumer
Protection Law >>, << Agricultural machinery repair,
replacement, return duty rules> >. Regulations
and regulatory documents promulgated by our province include:
Regulations on Handling of Agricultural Machinery in Hebei Province,
Methods of Remediation of Agricultural Machinery in Hebei Province and
Methods of Handling Supply Points for Agricultural Machinery Repair
Parts in Hebei Province, which provide organic households with the legal
rights to protect themselves The legal basis.
2,
Hebei Provincial Bureau of Agricultural Machinery and Provincial
Consumers Association jointly set up a "quality complaints of
agricultural products in Hebei Province Station." Accepting and mediating complaints from the organic households and
protecting the legitimate rights and interests of the organic
households.
3,
the agricultural administrative departments at all levels belong to the
agricultural machinery department in accordance with the law for a
detailed agricultural matters.
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